System of control for printing machines



Jam 2 1923,

J. P. TARBOX. SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES.

Omcmm. FILED APR- 10. 1917. I4 SHEETS'SHEET 1 7v 0 LII. H c v n. 5

Jan. 2, 1923.

J. P. TARBOX. SYSTEM OF Comm. FOR Pmmms MACHINES.

ORIGINAL FILED Am. 10, I917. 14 SHEETS'SHEET 2 Z 0 Ir- 1 1 0 U H SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES ORIGINAL FILED APR. 10, 1917 I4 SHEETS'SHEET 3 amass J. 'P. TARBOX. SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHiNES.

Jan. 2, 1923.

ORIGINAL FILED APR. 10, 1917. I4 SHEETSSHEET 4 J. P. TARBOX.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES ORIG'INAL FILED APR. 10. 1917. 14 SHEETS'SHEET 5' Jan. 2, 1923. v J. P. TARBDX.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES- ORIGINAL FILED APR. I0. I917. I4 SHEETS-SHEET 6 Jan. 2, 1923. LQEG? J.-P. TARBOX. v SYSTEM OF CONTROL Fen PRINTING MAcmNEs.

vOmcsvmu. FILED APR. 10. I917. "14' s n ssws-sn aa'r 8 J. P. TARBOX. Svsn-zu OF CONTROL FOR Pnm'rmc MACHINES.

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J P. TARBOX. SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR Pmrms MACHINES- I Omsmm. FILED APR- 10, 1917. I4 swears-sneer H J. P. TARBOX. SY SITEM OF CONTROL. FOR Pmu'rms MAQHINES Omcmm. FILED AFR. I0. 1917. l4 swears-swear 12 Jan. 2, 1923. v 1,44%567 Jan. 2, 1923,

J. P. TARBOX. SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES M SHEETS'SHEET I3 ORIGINAL Fl LED APR. 10, 1917.

Jan. 2, 1923. 1,446,567

J. P. 'TARBOX. SYs TEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES ORIGINAL FILED APR. I0, 1917 l4 SHEETS'SHEET l4 Patented Jan. 2, i923.

JOHN P. TARBOX, GARDEN CITY, NEW :YORK.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR PRINTING MACHINES.

Application filed April 10, 1917, Serial No. 161,016. Renewed June 2, 1922. Serial No. 564,621.

To all w/z 0 m. it may concern I Be it known that I. JOHN P. TARBOX, a citizen of the United States, residing ,at Garden City, in the county of Nassau and State of New York, have inyented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Control for Printing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The system of control for printing machines of my invention is adapted especially for use in connection with apparatus for deriving a record of any sort from the energy of the sound of the human voice, for use also in connection with printing, telegraph apparatus and electrically'operated typewriting or printing machines, and still further in connection with any similar machines where the high rate of action and speed of operation are primary desiderata. While the system of control marily for use in connection with the firstnamed apparatus, to wit: that. for effecting a record thru the energy of the sound of the human voice, this apparatus is not claimed herein and is shown but diagrammatically for purposes of illustration of the manner of connection of such apparatus with the system of control. Fundamentally the system may operated keys provided for its use in connection with an electrically operated typewriter or other form of printing or type machine or by connection to telegraphic lines through suitable translating apparatus. It will be understood however that all of these primary control means shown are but illustrative and that the system of operating the typewriting machine may be used in connection with any means or system of control desired. In addition there are shown several different modifications of apparatus operated by the energy of the sound of the human voice, in connection with any of which the system of my invention may be operated, and still further, there are listed in the context of the specification a number of others derived by inventors other than the writer. In this application, however, applicant does not claim herein any of the several forms of sound analyzing apparatus (termed by him "vocal analyzers) inasmuch as the same has already been made in part the subject of a divisional application (S. N. 312,5l6 Filed July 22, 1919,) and is to be made the subject of other divisional applications. Thus,

' able for adaption was invented PI'l',

be manipulated by manually this application is directed solely to the system of control per se. This system in and of itself may be operated not only in connectionwith any of the various vocal analyzers or machines for printing by sound now known to the art or to be known, but may be effectually applied in any of the several other fields of usefulness above set forth, and perhaps others notnow known to the applicant.

In considering the various systems of control for printing machines which are availfor use in high speed operation applicant has found them one and all lacking in most of the fundamental requirements of a fully rounded and completely automatic operation such as pertain "pecially one operated by the sound of the human voice. Applicant has invented this system to fulfillthese requirements and in so doing he has, he believes, so-imp-roved upon systems already in use for, recording at high rates of speed as to render possible the increase of overall efiiciency of all systems of this class. Assuming any control, telegraphic, manually operated keys, vocal analyzer or other, is capable of efiectin individually the record of each letter'o the alphabet or any multiple number of letters, and further the grouping of such letters into properly spaced and punctuated words, phrases and sentences, or equivalent groups as in a code record each function in these operations may be termed a primary requirement of the operating means. The system of control of my invention employed conjunction with such operating means w1ll so operate the typewriting or printing ma:

'chine as to carry out automatically and at tials of the addressee upon pages of the record succeeding the first and also to number and date those pages. The system of my invention enables this record to be madeautomatically and correctly at the head of each page succeeding the first without personal attention of any nature or control function other than primary function. of any control element. For the same letter and for the same date these particular records are always the same and are therefore called formal records and the operations thru which they are made formal operations.

Still further, my invention comprehends means for prevention of interference between actuations so close in sequence as to approach simultaneousness, thus enhancing the rate of actuation attained in both primary and secondary operations.

My invention is shown diagrammatically.

in the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 shows diagrammatically the typewritingmechanism per se including the carriage, the type bars, actuating elements therefor, and auxiliary controlled and control devices;

Fig. 2 shows what I term the register mechanisms, and the page numbering de- V108.

Fig. 3 shows additional register. mechanisms and the normally operable control keys of the machine;

ig. 4 shows one form of-voice operated control device, or what I term a Vocal analyzer. I

Fig. 5 shows another form of the same;

Fig. 6 shows the circuits of the dating and v initialin devices Figs-.7 verse section respectively of an element of the register mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of a vocal analyzer Fig. 10 is a similar form of analyzer;

Fig. 11 is a front elevation of a diaphragm used in the form of Fig. 9;.

Fig. 12 isa longitudinal vertical section of still a third form of the type of Figs. 9 and 10.

Fig. 13 is' a diagram of an intermediate register system making use of successively acting relays;

Fig. 14 1s a diagram of change spelling 7 connections which may be used if desired;

section of' another and 8 are side elevation and trans switch Zm (which Fig. 15 is a front elevation of a proposed special form of typewriting machine for this work;

Fig. 16 isan end elevation of the same;

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the details of the type bar operating mechanism; if-it were a true section it would be taken on line 17 17 of Fig. 15 looking in the direction of .the arrows;

Figs. 18 and 19 delineate a modified system in which the registers are omitted;

Figs. 20-23 are respectively diagrams on a large scale of the primary contact banks in certain step by step switches used in Figs. 2 and 6. I i

In Fig. 1 C designates the carriage and platen of anystandard typewriter, and B-B are the horizontal type bar beams, shownin section. To these the type bars arg conersing element. This hasthe'advantage that the automatic feedin of paper to the platen from rolls and duphcatingby a continuous band of carbon, as shown in Fig. 16, is not interfered with. 1

The carriage is traversed to left by spacing device Ed, and to right by traversing motor Tm, the latter geared to the carriage, or by any suitable means, a shaft and pinion bein shown.

he paper feed from line to line is accomplished by an electromagnetically actuated line feed device Lf, the mechanical features of which may be of any of the well known forms. The aper feed of greater extent than line fee is accomplished by a feed motor Pfgeared to the axis of carriage C by means of the extended shafts and gears g, one of which is splined on shaft 8.- A conducting segment 2? on one end of the carriage, coacting with brushes 5-6 which bear upon it through perforations p-p in the paper, has to do with the control of the motor Pf of the paper feed device. The paper is fed from a roll as shown in Fig. 16.

The caps shift device is shown at the right and designate-d Cs, while the figs shift device is designated F8.

Left and right marginal switches Zm and 1m control the marginal operations of the various devices. The right hand marginal appears on the left of the figure) is cam operated by cam roller 0, con- "nected with the carriageC, while the left hand marginal switch Zm is operated by shaft s of the platen or other equivalent means.

basket of type bars may be'made the travactuating magnets Am,

each two windings 10, w acting on a common core or armature c, adjustabliy connected'with the type beams.

The register mechanisms of Fig. 2 are designated PR and SR respectively. PR is the primary register which receives the translated controlling energies of the voice, temporarily registers or stores them, and thereafter releases the same-to operate the actuating magnets Am connected with the type bars. It consists of a plurality of devices D, one for each character or less, and which are controlled in their operations by a distributing device DD (Fig. 2), and a releasing device 'RD (Figs. 1 and 2).

One construction of theregistering devices D is, shown in detail in Figs. 7 and 8, a bank of contacts comprising a plurality of tiers 6 -6 In this case four-are shown jointly controlled by register magnet rm.

There are five or more contacts to each tier (Fig. 7) and the lowermost is connected in reason of their bias when they are raised to close the contacts move laterally over and abut against the top of a common holding bar it. Parallel to bar it are upper and lower cam shafts us and Z8, carrying sets of cams 0, 0 one cam in each positioned -to engage each vertical strip 12. The cam shaft us is operated from the distributing device DD of the register mechanism PR (Fig. 2), while the cam shaft Z8 is operated by gearing connection go with release device RD (Figs. 1 and 2). The sets of cams c, 0 associated with all of the devices D bear the same angular relation to each other, and the individual cams c of each set successively engage "in linear order vertical stri s o of the: tiers e with their projections 2. jectionof the cams c on shaft us, the stri s '0 may one after another be moved forward y to'place projections z" in position to be engaged by the outer end of armature u, the normal position of the strips '0 being'with projections 71 clear of armatures u. By projections Z of cams 0' of shaft ls, the lower ends f of strips 1) maybeone by one pushed from holding bar it against whichthey come to rest when strips 0; are raised, as aforesaid, and-the contacts thereby held closed are opened. e

Referring again to Fig. 2, t to 't are four battery trunk conductors, common to all the registering devices D and having respectively contacts 0'--0* in the respective tiers e to e of devices D. Each winding 10' of actuating magnet Am, Fig. 1, has a contact ca in each tier e'e* commonly connected therewith by multipled conductor 15.

'tiers e to e of the devices D, closing the circuits of stepping magnets am by way of conductors 20 to 20*, one for each tier 6 toe.

' The portion of the primary register PR shown in Fig. 3 is associated with the controlling keys of the machine designated SYL (syllable), SUB (sub-scripture) PAR (paragraph), TRAV (traverse), SPO (space),

GAPS and FIGS(capitals and figures),='

LINE and FEED. When the system is used for printing by sound substantially the entire manual control of the machine is had through these nine keys, and normally only one of them, the CAPS key, is in use. group of relays R has to do with the connections between the controlling keys and the devices D of the register and other elements of the-machine. w

The secondary register'SR' or Fig. 2 is structurally in most respectsfsimilar to the primary'register PR. ,Four trunks to t have contacts 0 to 0 in. devices D and are i .controlled by a distributing switch .DS

Cam shaft us is stepped by device DD governed as before by contacts ed in devices d. Shaft ls however is notdriven from distributing device DS but is oscillated by magnet 0m. The function of this portionof the secondary register SR is to register the initials of the addressee and thereafter effect the impression thereof on each page written.

A device Dis provided for each letter of the alphabet as in the case of mechanism PR. Two or more devices D, D shown on the right hand (2), (3) are permanently vassociated with a spec altrunk St of the group 6 to t, and the connection is' made by, these devices D in accordance with the control of page numbering switch PS. A special oscillable release shaftsl is operated by mag net m0. The function of this Portion ofv the device is to successively number the pages written.

Fig. 4 shows a form, of vocal analyzer which maybe used for printing by sound through applicants system of control. Any. other form of vocal analyzer may be used, e. g, that of Ferguson. "It comprises a special transformer F, and associated primary transmitter. T controlling by relay transmitter T, circuit PC and resonant secondary circuits so. The secondaries s0 govern relays Re, which in turn control the magnets rm of register devices D (Fig; so are each tuned torespond. istic component of the phone lircuits 'charactercircuits will be described in connection with different letter, various combinations of resistances, inductances and capacities being used for that purpose as shown. Any combination found suitable may be used in any circuit. The coherers 00 associated with these circuits maybe of any known type, and decohering (if necessary with the type) ac congplished in arg cnown way.

eys A, B, etc., are provided on the register sideof relays R6 for the manual operation of the machine, and keys is on' the transmitter side for manual operation through relays'Re.

The mechanism SM at the lower right is the spacing and syll bilizing mechanism which is operated altogether automatically.

M, G is a mptor generator set of small size furnishing current for the operation of the various devices of the machine by positive and negative bus wires PB and NB.

The mechanism DA of Fig. 6 is the dating mechanism; It comprises SIX manually set number switches Ns having contacts connected' in multiple to the magnets Art of the numeral characters, trunksns leading therefrom, and a switch ES controlling the energization of the trunks.

The mechanismdm is the initialing mechanism. It comprises three ormore manually set initial switches Is having contacts multiply connected to the actuatin magnets Am of the letter characters, and like the mechanism DA, trunks is leadin to a'nd energized by an energizing switch S.

The various details of the machine and its theoperation. For thesake of brevity and completeness operation of the system of control when used for I(printing by sound will mined tuned circuits so, and through associated coherers or detectors 00 or the equivalent close the circuits of, associated direct current relays Re. Each relay (or combination of relays as will appear hereinafter) controls by its contacts-a circuit as follows including a magnet-rm of register device D. Bus NE at the relays, conductor 12, con tacts 13, (or-"13 and 13' according to the combination of relays Re) conductor 14, magnet rm andbus PB at devices D. Magnet rm being energized pulls. up that tier of c0n ,tacts e to 6 whose vertical bar '1) is at that time pushed forward by cams con shaft aasively from bus NB, and in the same order' reactor tacts 16, 17, 18, 19, and 16, 17, '18, 19 (connected respectively in diametrically opposite pairs with trunks t to t) to trunk t. Winding 'w of.magnet Am becoming energized draws its core or armature down and operates the typebeam B to print a code character corresponding to the letter dic tated.

When tier-e of device D was pulled up it closed by contacts ad one of the four loops 20to 20 which loops are multipled respectively to the contacts 0d of the various devices D This energizes one of the four (only one is shown) actuating magnets 8m associated with device DD and steps the upper camshaft as, thus rotating the shaft us one step (shown as one-quarter revolution, but it may well be less) and pushin forward the actuating bars 12 (Figs. 6 and of the sec- 0nd tier e of each device D, into position to be engaged by the armatures of magnets rm. In the meantime the bar 4) previously actuated is held in actuated position by the engagement of its foot 7, with the common holdingbar it (see Figs. 7 and 8;). Therefore when the armature of magnet rm drops back upon deenergization the previously actuated contacts, of tier 6 remain in actuated position. This is true of each tier of contacts, and moreover each tier closes its associated loop of the group 20 to 20 each thus stepping the device DD and shaft as one step. Thus is secured a very important re sult. Characters successively registered on primary register PR are identified each with a different trunk of the group If to 25 since each tier of each group eto 6 makes connection with a different one of the trunks. This admits of operation at any and all rates within wide variations, and in case a word is rapidly pronounced, several'letters may be registered on register PR during the print ing of one. By increasing the number of tiers of contacts 6' to e per device D and the number of trunks t to 25*, the permissible number of advance registrations may be increased.

Each time an actuating magnet Am pulls up over a circuit closed from a device D of the register mechanism, at or near the limit of movement of the type beam B, a limit switch bs is actuated to close the loop 21 which closes the circuit of an actuating magnet am of stepping device RD, thus stepping switch ds one point. Thus the wiper 16 energizestrunks t to t succesas the trunks are associated by cams c with tiers e to e in the stepping of device DD. By this means theplurality of registered characters are-successively printed, not in the time succession in which they are dictated and registered, but in accordance with the natural operating speed of the typewriting machine itself. This is the ideal method, for irrespective of variations in rapidity of operation, between one syllable and another, one word and another, and of different persons, the printing speed is independent, and determined at all times by the natural (which is by far the most rapid and smooth) speed of the machine. Nor do variations in the rate of action of any type bar cause any disturbance in the regular operation, each succeedingly operated bar being dependent upon the rate of operation of the precedingly opera-ted bar for the initiation of its operation.

Obviously this method of operation is of value in manually operated typewriters as well as in machines :fior printing by sound, for the rates of operation of the individual type bars are independent of the rate and the time order of succession of operation of the various keys. Interference due to any cause which would effect actuating energies in the sequence approaching simultaneousness is eliminated. Thus crossing or sticking of type bars, and disorderly operation of any sort is positively prevented. Controlling keys A, B, C, etc., Fig. lgare provided in shunt to the relays Re (Figs. 4 and 5) for manual operation and control of the circuits of register magnets m.

The number of trunks t to t may be increased or decreased at will to suit any existing conditions, the associated apparatus being readily altered by the skilled operator to suit in point of number of steps, cams, contacts, etc.

The trunks t to t are successively released from devices D by the stepping of lower cam shaft Zs which pushes the feet f from bar it. This stepping takes place from and iii 'synchronism with the stepping of switch ds, being connected therewith by chain or other gearing connection go. The

cams c of shaft Zs are arranged in the same order, but one step behind as respects contacts 16 to 20, etc., of switch (i s, so that upon the energization of each trunk by switch (is, the preceding one is released by cams c from the then associated device D. In other words the release of any trunk takes place as the next succeeding trunk is energized. Therefore there is always available one or more free trunks. As many as three of the four (or four of five, etc.,) may be tied up to devices D at one time, but upon momentary slowing up or cessation of operation the printing catches up and they are successively freed, whereupon they are all available. The adaptability of this method as between operator and machine is full and complete. The personal equation of the operator alters in no way the orderly operation of the machine.

The operation of all other elemental characters controlling and actuating dircuits from the vocal analyzer of Fig. 4 when printing by sound is substantially the same for each letter of the alphabet or its code equivalent and hence need not be indi vidually traced herein. There is one exception to be found in the circuits of those characters identified by the energization of av plural number of resonant circuits 80. Suppose one letter sound characterized by frequency or wave form- (a), another by (J), and a third by both (a) -and Tf simple circuits as that just traced from relays Re be used then the sounding of the third letter will pull up register devices D of both the first two. But combinatilon circuits are used as shown for the sake of illustration in connection with the circuits controlled by the A and D keys (Fig. 4:). The A circuit 14 governed by normally open contacts 13 of the A relay Re extends through normally closed contacts 13' on the D relay Re, and vice versa, whereby if either the A relay or the D relay Re pulls up singly, the particular individual circuit A or D is closed to conductor 14:, but if both the A and D relays Re all up in response to dictation of a third etter, both the A and D circuits are. opened at con tacts l3, and instead a third circuit 14 of the C key is closed through normally open contacts 13 on relays of the A and D circuits in series. interlocks made to .efiect lregistration or difierentiation of the complex sounds from each other. The skilled engineer may work out as many of these combinations and interlocksas desirable, using any of the combinational and interlocking circuit arrangements known to the art, whereby each letter sound is positively identified Thus are combinations and y with the circuit 14 of a single letter char- I acter A, B, C, etc. including a single register magnet there or these combinations are indicated by brackets, that for litter A by bracket A, that for B by bracket .etc.

- Capital letters.

Any letter or word may be written in capital letters by simply pressing the CAP? control key of Fig. 3. The pressure of this key closes the circuit of caps magnet (is, Fig. 1, as follows: Bus NB, CAPS key, conductor 22 device D22 (Fig. 6, Fig. l) magnet Cs and to bus PB. This shifts carriage C, and as long as the CAPS key is held depressed, all Words dictated are written in capital letters. If however the CAPS key is V automatic when printing by sound in lieu of manual or telegraphic operation.

only momentarily pressed the CAPS magnet Ca locks itself up through normally closed contacts 23 and 24 of relay 25 by conductors 26 and 2?, from bus NB. Relay 25 is in one arm of loop 21 which is closed-each time a type bar B is actuated. Hence upon printing of the first letter after the CAP-S key is released, the locking circuit of Cs is broken at 23, 24, and the carriage C returns to normal position. Thus the first letter only of each sentence is capitalized. It is necessary to use this key only at the beginning of operation, as a rule, as will be seen hereinafter.

the magnet Cs (and the magnet F8) operate upon any ot the standard carriage, shitting levers or other parts now used for that purpose.

' Spacing.

' Spacing as aforesaid is, or may be entirely The method made use of is one of differentiation between the time intervals between the pronunciation of successive letters and the pronunciation of successive words, or the differentiation of time intervals between syllables of the same word'from the time intervals between successive words" There -are two ways disclosed of accomplishing this difierentiation, The first, embodied in Fig. 4, depends upon the presence or absence .of the fundamental note of any pronounced sound. 'A special winding 28 is placed on transformer and operatively connected by special tuned circuit 29 and coherer 00, with special relay '30 of the group- Re. The circuit '29 is tuned to respond to the fundamental only. Consequently relay 30 is energized only when the fundamental tone is being sounded. Now by pronouncing words carefully in syllables, it will be observed that the cessation of fundamental tone in each case marks the division of the word into syllables,-and furthermore marks the distinction between words. The fundamental ceases for a longer period between Words than between syllables, and we can and do at will vary the difference in length between "these periods, generally to increase the length of the period between words. This latter results in succinotness."

Now the time of deenergization of the relay 30 measures the length of these periods.

Relay 30 controls a relay 31 of the spacing creased.

mechanism SM by a circuit from PB, conductor 32, contacts 33, conductor 34, relay 31, and to bus NB. Belay 31 in turn controls by circuit NB, armature 34, front con-. tact 35, conductor 36, a relay 37, of what is commonly known to the art as the slow relay type. This relay is provided usually with a copper sheath for its core, whereby the time of its release or falling back is in-.

As is well known in the art this type of relay maybe constructed and adjusted to fall back more or less rapidly. With respect to the time of falling back of this relay the time of cessation of the fundamental as measured by relay 30 is compared. Relay 31 also when it pulls up encrg'izes locking relay 40 over circuit from NB,

armature 41, front contact 42, conductor 43,

relay 40 and to bus PB- Relay 40 locks up through conductor/44, front contact 45, conductor 46, (Fig. 2) normally closed contacts 47, on dash register device D of register PR conductor 48 (Fig. 3), normally closed contacts 49 on space register device D, conductor 50, normally closed contacts 51 on traverse register device D, conductor 52 to negative bus NB. Contacts 47, 49 and 51 are opened whenever devices D are energized, being of the character of contacts 47 shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Thus relay 40 (Fig. 4) when locked up is unlocked upon the registration of any one of dash, traverse, or space movements.

When relay 40 is locked up and relay 31 falls back a second locking relay 53 is pulled up from NB; armature 41, back contact 54, conductor 55, front contact 56 of relay 40, conductor 57, relay 53, conductor 58, (Fig. 2) (Fig. 1), left limit switch Z'm' When the same is closed and .to battery PB. This relay 53 therefore is pulled up when relay 31 falls back when the left limit switch Zm of the carriage C is closed, and this switch is arranged to be closed whenever the writing reaches the marginal limit at the end of each line and throughout the right marginal space usually guarded by a bell for syllabilizing. Relay 53 locks up by conductor 59 to'oonductor 46 and over the same locking 'circuit as traced foul-clay 40.

Now relay 30, andhence relay 31, falls back each ,timethe fundamental ceases, both between words and between syllables. Between syllables the interval of deenergiza tion' is too short to rmit the slow acting relay 37 to release, ut each time relay 31 falls back it partially closes the circuit of relay 53 at its back contact 54', thus continually testing for the marginal condition of closure for relay 53 brought about by the closure of limit switch. Zm. Upon finding such condition, whether between words or between syllables, relay 53 is energized. Pulling up and locking itself itcloses one circuit and partially closes another, the first from bus NB by front contact 60, conduc- 

